Since the emergence of large language models, conversational artificial intelligence has made rapid strides in understanding, content generation, and interactivity. But until now, assistants like ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini have been limited to the role of a conversational partner, unable to take direct action within a digital environment.
\n\n\n\nWith the launch of ChatGPT Agent, OpenAI has reached a major milestone. It is no longer just a conversational tool, but an autonomous agent capable of planning actions, executing them in a secure virtual environment, and learning from the results. In other words, it is a system capable of interacting with software, files, or APIs without constant human supervision.
\n\n\n\nThis strategic shift comes amid intense competition. In 2024, more than 45% of digital professionals reported using an AI assistant in their daily work, but only 12% relied on agents capable of performing autonomous tasks1. Demand for more operational systems capable of taking action is growing rapidly.
\n\n\n\nUnlike previous versions of ChatGPT, this new version uses a virtual workspace (sandbox) in which the model can perform a sequence of actions, interact with files, use tools such as a web browser, text editor, or terminal, and, most importantly, plan multiple steps to achieve a goal.
\n\n\n\nChatGPT Agent can now execute a script, read the results, interpret them, and adjust its approach if necessary. This perception-action loop logic draws inspiration from research on cognitive agents and brings generative AI closer to executive AI.
\n\n\n\nOpenAI notes that this process is strictly regulated; the environment is isolated from the user’s system to ensure the security, confidentiality, and traceability of the actions performed.
\n\n\n\nChatGPT Agent's features open up new use cases, particularly in the following areas:
\n\n\n\nAccording to initial laboratory tests conducted by OpenAI, ChatGPT Agent is reportedly capable of completing certain sequences of actions on average 30% faster than a human trained in simple file-handling tasks2.
\n\n\n\nDespite its advances, ChatGPT Agent still has several limitations:
\n\n\n\nIn April 2025, a report from the Stanford Center for Research on Foundation Models indicated that AI agents succeeded on average at 48% of complex, multi-step tasks, but their success rate dropped to 33% when no assistance or clarification was provided3.
\n\n\n\nThe emergence of agents capable of operating in digital environments raises several key questions:
\n\n\n\nThese concerns align with the European Union’s considerations under the AI Act, which identifies autonomous systems with the capacity to act as high-risk AI. At the European level, nearly 61% of respondents to a 2024 public consultation expressed support for strict regulation of AI agents capable of modifying systems or accessing data4.
\n\n\n\nWith ChatGPT Agent, OpenAI is no longer limited to text generation but is ushering in a convergence of understanding, planning, and execution. This development paves the way for new forms of digital intelligence, capable not only of producing content but also of taking action within a structured framework.
\n\n\n\nThis innovation could transform professional, educational, and organizational practices. It also raises fundamental questions about the governance of autonomous systems, shared responsibility, and the role of humans in the decision-making process.
\n\n\n\nSee also on our blog ChatGPT Introduces Connectors: Toward AI Integrated into Business Tools, an article that explores how the OpenAI ecosystem is evolving toward more autonomous agents connected to business applications.
\n\n\n\n1. McKinsey & Company. (2024). The State of AI in 2024.
https://www.mckinsey.com/\n
2. OpenAI. (2025). Introducing ChatGPT Agents: Early Results and Capabilities.
\nhttps://openai.com/\n
3. Stanford CRFM. (2025). Evaluating the Performance and Limitations of Autonomous AI Agents.
\nhttps://crfm.stanford.ed/\n
4. European Commission. (2024). Results of the Public Consultation on the AI Act.
\nhttps://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/\n
Since the emergence of large language models, conversational artificial intelligence has made rapid strides in understanding, content generation, and interactivity. But until now, assistants like ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini have been limited to the role of a conversational partner, unable to take direct action within a digital environment.
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